Among all the components of the ore beneficiation plant, the classifier and flotation and magnetic separators act as the core equipment with the most importance. So what are their working principles?
The classifier adopts the working theory of different particle sizes and weights leading to different settling velocities. The fine mineral particles overflow and the coarse particles sink to the tank bottom and then are discharged from the upper end of the tank by the spiral shaft. Finally the filtered fine materials are discharged from the overflow pipe. The water head, shaft head of the spiral shaft is made of pig iron which features strong wear resistance.
The flotation cell realizes the separating process based on different wet properties of the minerals. The floatation separation is completed by considering the floatability of the materials. In the modern floatation separation process, the application of the floatation agent is quite important, because the agent can change the floatability of the minerals after the minerals are handled by the agent.
Speaking of the magnetic separator, in the magnetic field, the magnetic particles gather together to form a magnetic group or magnetic chain which moves toward the magnetic pole in the pulp’s magnetism effect and is absorbed to the cylinder. As the polarity of the magnetic poles is arranged alternately along the cylinder rotating direction and is unchangeable during the operation, the magnetic group or the chain rotating with the cylinder will mix with each other because of the alternate magnetic pole. Non-magnetic materials like the gangue mixed in the magnetic group or chain will split away during the rotation and be absorbed to the cylinder surface, thus producing the concentrate.
